All levels of physical activity can be performed by people with type 1 diabetes who do not have complications and have good glycemic control. However, it is important for you to learn how to monitor your blood glucose response to exercise and how to use that information to improve your performance and safety. Below are some general guidelines that can help, but always see your doctor before beginning an exercise program.

Metabolic control before exercise. Avoid exercise if fasting glucose levels are above 250 mg/dl and ketosis is present, and use caution if glucose levels are above 300 mg/dl and ketosis is present. Ingest added carbohydrate if glucose levels are below 100 mg/dl.

Blood glucose monitoring before and after exercise. Identify when changes in insulin or food intake are necessary. Learn your glycemic response to different exercise conditions.

Food intake. Consume added carbohydrate as needed to avoid hypoglycemia. Carbohydrate-based foods should be readily available during and after exercise, because the blood glucose lowering effect of exercise can occur several hours after you’ve exercised.

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